328: Behavior Is a Signal: How to Decode What It’s Telling You

with Penny Williams

Listen on Apple Podcasts  |  Spreaker  |  Spotify  |  iHeart Radio

Behavior isn’t random. It’s not about disrespect, laziness, or a “bad attitude.” Every outburst, shutdown, or refusal is your child’s nervous system sending a signal.

In this episode of Beautifully Complex, I’m unpacking what those signals really mean and why the labels we often put on behavior — defiance, aggression, avoidance — miss the mark. You’ll learn how to look past the surface to see the need underneath, and how shifting from control to curiosity changes everything.

When you learn to decode behavior as a signal, you stop fighting the symptom and start supporting your child where they actually are. That’s the foundation of raising regulated, resilient kids who feel seen and understood.

Press play and discover how to start listening to the signals beneath your child’s behavior.

Parents of neurodivergent kids know all too well the exhausting cycles of meltdowns, shutdowns, refusals, and explosive outbursts. What often gets missed is that these moments aren’t about “bad behavior” at all. They’re signals from a child’s nervous system.

Human behavior is wired for survival. When a child shifts into fight, flight, or freeze, they’re not making a conscious choice to be difficult. Their body has detected a potential threat and sounded the alarm. What looks like defiance, laziness, or aggression is actually biology at work.

Consider a child who refuses to get out of the car at school. On the surface, it may feel like stubbornness or disrespect. But underneath, their nervous system is screaming that school feels unsafe. That alarm could be triggered by bullying, sensory overload, or simply the anxiety of facing another hard day.

Or think about homework struggles. A kid crumpling up papers and refusing to start may be labeled lazy or careless. In reality, they may be facing executive function challenges, anxiety, or the weight of repeated failure. The avoidance isn’t apathy — it’s a survival response to protect against shame or overwhelm.

Even sibling fights, which can look like meanness or selfishness, often carry a deeper signal. A child grabbing toys or yelling may not have the skills to express their needs appropriately. The behavior is saying: “I feel out of control, and I don’t know how to get my needs met.”

The shift for parents comes when they stop asking, “How do I stop this behavior?” and start asking, “What is this behavior telling me about what my child needs right now?” That simple reframe moves us from control to curiosity, from punishment to problem-solving.

And children feel the difference. When parents listen for the signal beneath the behavior, kids feel seen, understood, and safe. That sense of safety helps their nervous system regulate, making it possible for learning and growth to happen.

This approach isn’t about excusing behavior. It’s about recognizing that all behavior has meaning, and, when we decode it, we’re better able to guide our kids toward resilience and self-regulation.

Every meltdown, every shutdown, every outburst carries a message. The work of parenting isn’t to silence those signals, but to tune into them. Because behavior isn’t the problem. It’s the signal. And when we listen, we open the door to connection, healing, and lasting change.

3 Key Takeaways

01

Behavior is not random or malicious; it is the nervous system communicating stress, overwhelm, or an unmet need.

02

Misinterpreting behavior as laziness or defiance keeps parents stuck, while decoding it opens pathways for support and connection.

03

When parents shift from controlling behavior to listening to it, children feel seen and understood, and regulation becomes possible.

What You'll Learn

how to reframe your child’s behavior as a signal instead of a problem

how the nervous system drives fight, flight, and freeze responses (and regulation)

how to recognize the difference between surface behavior and underlying needs

how to decode common behaviors like defiance, laziness, and aggression

how to ask the right questions to support regulation and connection

Resources

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OPPORTUNITY GAP PODCAST

Kids of color who have ADHD and other common learning differences often face a double stigma. But there’s a lot that families can do to address the opportunity gap in our communities. Host Julian Saavedra is a father of two. He's also an assistant principal who has spent nearly 20 years working in public schools. Join Saavedra as he talks with parents and experts and offers tips to help you advocate for your child. Listen here >>

Transcript

Penny Williams [00:00:02]: I'm dysregulated. My nervous system has sounded the alarm, and my nervous system has sent my body into action to protect me. And for me, in this moment that looks like hitting, yelling, throwing things, breaking things, but the truth is the signal underneath that is I don't feel safe. I'm trying to protect myself.

Penny Williams [00:00:28]: Welcome to Beautifully Complex, where we unpack what it really means to parent neurodivergent kids with dignity and clarity. I'm Penny Williams, and I know firsthand how tough and transformative this journey can be. Let's dive in and discover how to raise regulated, resilient, beautifully complex kids together. Oh, and if you want more support, join our free community at Hub Beautifully Complex life.

Penny Williams [00:01:00]: Have you ever looked at your child mid meltdown and thought, what on earth is going on here? You're not alone. I've had those moments. And I think every parent that I've worked with has had that moment, too. Sometimes multiple times a day. But here's the thing that most of us weren't taught to believe. Your child's behavior is actually talking to you. Sometimes it talks really loudly, sometimes it's silent or whispers, but it's always talking to you. The real question is, do we know how to listen? If you joined me for the last episode on Animal Instincts, you'll remember that we talked about those nervous system states.

Penny Williams [00:01:55]: The owl, who is regulated, the porcupine who is dysregulated in fight, the cheetah, who's dysregulated in flea or flight, and the possum, who is dysregulated in shutdown. And we talked about how each one shows up in your child's behavior as stress responses. But today I want to pick up right where we left off. Because once you can spot the state, the next step is learning how to decode that state, Decode the signal. And that's what this episode is all about. So let's start with the biggest shift. Behavior isn't random. It isn't manipulative.

Penny Williams [00:02:41]: It isn't oppositional. It isn't defiant, it isn't disrespectful. And it definitely isn't bad. I've said it. There it is. That is the honest truth. It may feel like those things, but it isn't defined as those things. In the last episode, I described how those animal instincts are hardwired nervous system reactions.

Penny Williams [00:03:08]: They're not choices, they're survival patterns. It's about the way our bodies are wired for survival. And that's exactly why behavior can't just Be chalked up to willpower or to a bad attitude. When your kid flips into fight, flight, or freeze, whether they look like that prickly porcupine, whether they're running off like that cheetah or maybe they're tucked away like a possum, that is biology. It is not misbehavior. Their nervous system is sending a loud flashing signal to you. I don't feel safe. Something is too much for me right now.

Penny Williams [00:03:54]: I need your help. I want you to think about this. Kids don't wake up in the morning thinking, how can I ruin my parents day today? They just don't. They wake up like we do. They're hoping things are going to go well. They're wanting to be loved, and they're often very overwhelmed by things that they can't control. If we can hold on to that, reframe that behavior is a signal, then we can start to meet our kids with where they really are. We can meet them where they actually are.

Penny Williams [00:04:33]: Now let's talk about how easy it is to misinterpret these signals. I'll give you a few examples. Let's talk about defiance. When your child refuses to do what you've asked, it can feel like disrespect. But often defiance is a signal of overwhelm or a lack of safety. And what is a lack of safety? It is dysregulation. Their nervous system is saying to you, this feels like too much. I need more support before I can move forward.

Penny Williams [00:05:08]: Think about defining how things feel in a different way instead of saying, my kid refused to do this thing and so they're disrespecting me. Say, my kid is struggling with this right now and it's coming out in ways that don't feel good to me because their nervous system is sounding the alarm. If we think about laziness, maybe your child avoids homework or chores and it looks like they just don't care. But what if that laziness is actually an executive function? Struggle, maybe the steps feel like a mountain and they have no idea where to start. So that signal is actually saying to you, I need scaffolding. Help me break this down. I need your help with something. If we think about aggression, hitting, yelling, throwing things, breaking things, these are really classic fight state behaviors.

Penny Williams [00:06:18]: I'm dysregulated. My nervous system has sounded the alarm and my nervous system has sent my body into action to protect me. And for me, in this moment, that looks like hitting, yelling, throwing things, breaking things. But the truth is the signal underneath that is I don't feel safe. I'm trying to protect myself. It is self preservation. It is trying to stay alive. Honestly.

Penny Williams [00:06:49]: That's the way our biology was created, to keep us alive. Our autonomic nervous system's number one job is to keep us alive. And so it is going to do whatever it feels it needs to do in order to do that. And sometimes those things look like defiance, aggression, laziness, misbehavior, disrespect, opposition, Right? But we have to change the narrative around that and reframe the behaviors.

Penny Williams [00:07:24]: If you've been listening for a while, you're familiar with my Back to School.

Penny Williams [00:07:28]: Prep week, where I set neurodivergent kids.

Penny Williams [00:07:31]: And their families up for success, right?

Penny Williams [00:07:33]: When the school year starts. There's another podcast that will help you navigate the rest of the school year.

Penny Williams [00:07:40]: It's called Opportunity Gap, and it's all about special education.

Penny Williams [00:07:44]: Let's be real. All Those acronyms alone, IEP, 504, FBA, BIP can be overwhelming. All you want is for your kid to have the opportunity for success, right? You'll hear from special educators, child psychologists, and other learning experts who know their stuff and give you realistic advocacy tools. I listened to Opportunity Gap and I was blown away. Julian Saavedra and his guests break it down in simple terms, highlight where to focus your energy, and give you simple steps to advocate efficiently. So if you've ever walked out of a school meeting wondering what just happened, go search for Opportunity Gap in your podcast app. That's Opportunity Gap. Let's talk about a few quick examples.

Penny Williams [00:08:47]: My own kid struggled with school refusal for eight very long years. He dug in, he screamed, he refused to get in the car at home sometimes. When? Or he refused to get out of the car at school sometimes. One day he even tried to open the door and get out of the moving car in the middle of a five lane intersection because we were about to reach school. On the surface, it really looked like a whole lot of defiance, like a whole lot of I don't want to go to school, so I'm not going to go to school. You can't make me. That's what it felt like. That's what it looked like.

Penny Williams [00:09:26]: But underneath there was a body and that body was screaming, school feels unsafe. Sometimes it was bullying, sometimes it was other social struggles. Sometimes it was sensory overload, sometimes it was anxiety. But there was always a reason underneath it. Often it was because no one understood how hard he was trying. That was it. He just wanted to be seen, heard and understood if you have more than one kid, you might have some sibling fights. You might have two kids who are yelling, pushing, grabbing toys.

Penny Williams [00:10:05]: What does that look like? On the surface, it looks like meanness, looks like selfishness, looks like a kid who's bossy. But underneath, the signal is saying to you, I feel out of control and I don't know how to get my needs met. I don't know how to get my needs met. That is something you can take and run with, right? That is something that gives you information about why this thing is happening and how to change that behavior in that trajectory. If we think about the example of homework battles, there's often yelling, shouting, tears, refusal. My kid would wad up and throw away his homework papers because worksheets were just too much. On the surface, it felt like it was laziness. It felt like disrespect.

Penny Williams [00:10:57]: It might feel like a whole lot of different things. You can interpret that and tell yourself a lot of different stories about that behavior. But underneath is executive function, struggles, anxiety, maybe even shame from repeated failure. It could be a learning disability getting in the way. There's so many reasons why homework can be a struggle for kids and why they might lash out because of that struggle. But again, it's because of that struggle underneath. It isn't just because they want to give you a hard time. They want to make your life miserable.

Penny Williams [00:11:37]: They don't care about school. They don't care about their grades. None of that is true. Kids do well if they can. When they don't do well, it is on us to figure out what the need is. That is our job as the parent. That is our job as the caregiver. It's our job, if we're the educator, to figure out what the need is.

Penny Williams [00:11:59]: What is the signal that this behavior is sending me and how can I help? When you start to see these patterns of what lies underneath, then you're able to realize that the behavior isn't actually the problem. It is simply the signal. So how do we shift? How do we begin to respond differently? Instead of asking, how do I stop this behavior? How do I control this kid? I want you to try asking, what is the behavior telling me about what my kid needs right now? Or what is this behavior telling me about what my student needs right now? That one shift in your mindset is going to change everything. It moves us from control, trying to control that situation, that behavior, to curiosity, from punishment to problem solving, from firefighting to prevention. We're shifting from being reactive to proactive. Who doesn't want that. That's what we all want. And the really beautiful part of this is that your child feels the difference.

Penny Williams [00:13:17]: They will feel the difference and they will feel seen. They will feel understood. And that changes how our nervous system feels. It makes things more doable. It makes logic potentially doable. It makes processing what your parent is saying to you potentially doable. It builds the trust that makes real change possible. So here's what I want you to take with you today.

Penny Williams [00:13:51]: To take with you after you finish listening. Every meltdown, every shutdown, every outburst has a message. When you stop seeing behavior as something to fix and you start seeing it as something to listen to, to tune into, to decode, you're going to unlock a whole new way of parenting. I promise you. Your family will exhale and things will be different. Different. It will take time to make these shifts. It will take time for your kid to even trust these shifts.

Penny Williams [00:14:30]: If you're in a pattern of lecturing when things go wrong, reactivity when things go wrong with punishing or consequences, it's going to take a while for your kid to even be able to trust that this shift is genuine. But it is going to change everything. Of course, once you start decoding the signals, the real question then becomes, okay, now how do I respond in ways that are going to support regulation instead of adding fuel to the fire? We don't want to co escalate with our kids. We want to co regulate. We want to offer them that steady anchor to attune to. This is exactly what the upcoming Behavior SOS Summit is all about. Four days, October 10th, 13th, 26 experts are going to give you the tools, scripts, strategies to respond to what your child's behavior is signaling. They're going to help you learn to decode the signals and then give you the tools to do what comes next so that change can happen with challenging behavior.

Penny Williams [00:15:46]: It's completely free to join us October 10th through 13th, but if you want lifetime access plus extra coaching and implementation lab, you can grab an all access pass. That's completely up to you, but you can participate 100% free. Head to parentingadhdandautism.comsummit to save your spot. So between now and when the summit happens, what can you do? Work on this mindset. Shift behavior isn't the problem. Behavior is a signal. What is the signal trying to tell me? What is my kid having a hard time with? What help do they need from me? You can find the show notes for this [email protected] 328 for episode 328. I will have the Summit registration linked up there as well.

Penny Williams [00:16:49]: And I really hope to see you in the Summit, but I will definitely see you next time on Beautifully Complex. Take good care.

Penny Williams [00:17:01]: I see you. You're doing hard and meaningful work and you don't have to do it alone. If you found this episode helpful, share it with someone who needs it and leave a quick review so others can find this support too. When you're ready for next steps, the Regulated Kids Project is here with the tools, coaching and community to help you raise a more regulated, resilient child. Get more [email protected].

Hey there!

I'm your host, Penny Williams.

I help stuck and struggling parents (educators, too) make the pivots necessary to unlock success and joy for neurodivergent kids and teens, themselves, and their families. I'm honored to be part of your journey!

Hello!
I'm Penny Williams.

Host of Beautifully Complex. I help stuck and struggling parents (educators, too) make the pivots necessary to unlock success and joy for neurodivergent kids and teens, themselves, and their families. I'm honored to be part of your journey!

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Decode Your
Kid's Behavior
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Take my FREE Animal Instincts Quiz to understand your child's biological stress response and get focused on what will help you and your kid RIGHT NOW.

FREE VIDEO SERIES
Quick Start: 3 High-Impact Actions to Transform Behavior

Transforming negative or unwanted behavior is a long and complex process. HOWEVER, there are a few actions you can take right now that will provide a big impact. These 3 high-impact strategies address foundational aspects of behavior, empowering you to help your child feel better so they can do better.

A Few of My Favorite Tools

Time Timer

Makes time visual.

Mighty + Bright

Manage chores and routines while building self-confidence and independence.

Mightier

Blends gaming with off-screen activities to teach coping skills through play.

Howda Hug Chair

A chair that gives kids a sensory hug.

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324: How to Step Back Without Letting Go
Help your neurodivergent child build independence through emotional regulation, daily routines, and accommodations that support autonomy, without overwhelm.
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Oct. 10-13, 2025