9. Manipulative

I see parents talk about how “manipulative” their child is so very often. It's always a red light signal. There are a couple possible explanations for what looks like manipulative behavior with kids with ADHD. First, kids (and most human beings) have a natural instinct to avoid pain. That avoidance can look like manipulation if you're looking at it through that lens of choice. If you reframe that perspective and ask yourself why your child is working so hard to change the situation, you'll see that it's not willful in most cases. Secondly, many kids with ADHD and/or autism have a dogged determination coupled with a very narrow point of view. What appears argumentative can often be the product of this restricted way of thinking.

8. Lazy

Lazy is so cliché for ADHD. Again, this is a matter of can't versus won't. Is your child choosing to be lazy, or is there something else going on that simply looks like laziness on the surface? Put on your detective cap and dig deeper before deciding that your child is being lazy.

7. Unmotivated

It's part of our culture to value self-motivation — to be driven for achievement. Often, we see our kids as unmotivated. Then, we take it a step further even, and decide that it's a character flaw and an impediment to any potential success. That's a life sentence we're attaching to one behavior, and a behavior that likely isn't even what it looks like on the surface. Seeming lack of motivation can be avoidant behavior — doing whatever it takes to avoid perceived pain. It can also signal that there's a whole lot more going on. It could be poor executive functioning, learning disability, expectations beyond capability, anxiety, fear of failure, and so much more… Your child wants to succeed as much as anyone else, so why can't he or she?

6. Selfish

Again, many kids with ADHD and/or autism have a very narrow perspective. They often can only see black and white, and only one way. That narrow point of view doesn't make them selfish, even though it can certainly look that way on the surface. Before deciding that your child is being selfish, ask yourself why it might look like your child is being selfish. What could be behind that facade?

5. Defiant

Defiance is a tough one for a lot of parents. We are programmed in American culture to view successful parents as those who are authoritarian and in control of their kids. The parent creates the law and the child better abide by it or else… I call this Crime & Punishment Parenting, and it's damaging to our kids. It's unhealthy for all kids, but especially so for kids with invisible disabilities like ADHD and autism. This definition of parenting automatically defines behavior outside of a parent's control as “defiant.” If that were true, a child's anxiety about the dark is “defiant.” As I outlined with unmotivated above, what looks like defiance can be due to a lot of different underlying struggles. For instance, my son wads up his math worksheet and throws it on the floor after arguing about needing to complete it for 30 minutes. That certainly looks like willful and defiant behavior. However, I know my son well enough at this point to know that there are many underlying circumstances playing into that behavior including, dysgraphia, overwhelm, wanting to avoid pain, time blindness, and some learned helplessness. I can call him defiant and punish him for the behavior. That won't change the behavior next time, or the time after that, because I haven't identified and addressed the root cause of the behavior. Of course my son wants to do what he's expected. He wants to have completed homework to turn in to make his teacher happy and his grade stable. Of course he does! Kids do well if they can, folks!

4. Won't

Won't or can't? I guarantee you, 9 times out of 10, it's “can't,” at least, can't under the current circumstances and expectations. This is an easier pill to swallow if you think about anxiety. Imagine your child has an anxiety disorder and a specific fear of rollercoasters. You could say to yourself that your child “won't” go on rollercoasters, implying that they could but choose not to. Imagine that you instead say to yourself that your child “can't” go on rollercoasters, because they can't of their own free will. I challenge you to pause when you're thinking or speaking this red light word and consider fairly if it's “won't” or “can't”.

3. Chooses

Oh, boy! “Chooses” is a super big and bright red light in your face. If you catch yourself saying that your child “chooses” to do something, you need to stop and reframe your perspective right away. Kids with ADHD and/or autism do not choose to fail. If their behavior really was a conscious and controlled choice, don't you think they'd chose to do the right thing, to please you? Absolutely! Of course they would! You can not be an effective parent for a child with ADHD or autism if “chooses to” is part of your vocabulary in describing your child. See the red light, stop, and find a different way to look at it.

2. Refuses

I wonder how many times parents use the word “refuses” in their child's lifetime. Far too many to count. This goes back to our culture expecting the parent to be authoritarian and the child to be subservient. If the child isn't subservient, then they are “refusing” to comply and that makes them “bad.” No, no, no! Kids are people, too. They want to succeed. They never want their parent to be angry with them. When you think your child is “refusing” to do something, step back, take a breath, and brainstorm all the other potential reasons for their behavior, other than outright refusal.

1. Should

Should is the #1 red light word. Parents of kids with developmental special needs especially use the word “shoul”d a million times a day. “Johnny should be able to tie his shoes already — he's nine.” “Cindy should be able to make friends by herself.” “Charlie should know better then to walk into the street without looking.” “Jenny should be able to clean her room on her own.” In every case, the presence of the word “should” is a glaring invitation to ask, “So, why isn't he?” “Why can't she?” I once heard Elaine Taylor-Klaus, of ImpactADHD, tell parents to “Stop should-ing all over yourselves.” Yep, it feels pretty much like a sh*@-storm when it's happening, especially for your child. You're not going to stop using the word “should,” but you should immediately stop and question it when you hear yourself say it.